常见的3D引擎有：Unreal、Quake、Lithtech、OGRE、Nebula、Irrlicht、Truevision3D...

其中开源免费的有：OGRE、irrlicht、fly3d、NeoEngine、revolution3d、 Nebula2、Genesis3d等。

OGRE 在免费、开源的引擎中评价最高，一个原因是作为一个图形渲染引擎，它支持的图形特性最多，所以渲染质量也不错；另一个原因是设计模式的清晰；另外，速度也不错。

OGRE 将专注于向一个纯粹的、然而富于协作和扩展性的图形引擎发展，这得益于它的庞大的社群支持，使得很多事情可以通过外挂一些更专业的引擎来实现，物理引擎使用 ODE 、 Tokamak 、 NovodeX ，网络引擎使用 openTNL 、 RakNet 、 eNet ，声音引擎使用 FMod 、 OpenAL ，以及界面引擎使用 CEGUI 。


Standard



OGRE



IrrLicht



Truevision3D


General


Type

Only rendering engine


Game engine

IncludeTV3DEngine,TV3DMedia,TV3DNet……


Languages

Written in pure C++, totally object orientated.

Written in pure C++, totally object orientated.

Written in C++ and VB6 with DirectX8.1


License

LGPL

zlib/libpng License(totally free)

·   Free TV3DSDK

·   Registered Developer License

·   group or site licenses


Develop platforms

·   C++

·   .NET

·   C++

·   .NET language binding

VB/VC++/DELPHI/

C#/vb.net


Platforms


Windows

Support

Support

Support


Linux


Support

Support


MacOS

Support

Support


3D API


Direct3D

Support

Support

Support


OpenGL

Support

Support


Other

·   The Irrlicht Engine software renderer.

·   The Apfelbaum Software Renderer


Architecture


Extensibility

·   Extensible example framework

·   Flexible plugin architecture allows engine to be extended without recompilation

·   Use some other professional engines to achieve other features



Scripting



Materials & Textures


Materials

·   Powerful material declaration language

·   Multiple material

·   Material LOD

·   Multi-texture and multi-pass blending

·   Projective texturing

·   Textures can be provided and updated in real-time by plugins

·   Provide common built in materials


based on fixed function pipeline or programmable pipeline

·   add new materials to Irrlicht at runtime, without the need of modifying/recompiling the engine


Textures and Mapping

自动产生MipMap；

自动调整纹理大小以满足硬件需求。

支持可程序控制的纹理坐标生成和转换。

·   Bump mapping

·   Parallax mapping

·   Light maps

·   Sphere mapping

DOT3 Bump mapping

没有提供多层纹理和混合模式


Shaders

·   Supports vertex and fragment programs, both written in assembler, and in Cg, DirectX9 HLSL, or GLSL

·   Support many commonly bound constant parameters like worldview matrices, light state information, object space eye position etc

·   Pixel and Vertex Shaders 1.1 to 3.0

·   ARB Fragment and Vertex Programs

·   HLSL

·   GLSL

·   Hardware Vertex Shaders

·   HLSL


Scene Management


General

·   Highly customizable, flexible scene management, not tied to any single scene type.

·   Hierarchical scene graph; nodes allow objects to be attached to each other and follow each others movements, articulated structures etc

·   Scene querying

·   Using a hierarchical scene graph, can mix indoor and outdoor scene seamless together

·   Extensible


hierarchical scene management


BSP Support

BSP 场景的天空穹、粒子特效、高级材质属性，乃至 BSP 的空间分割规则都会被正确识别、自动实现

·   对 BSP 的特性支持比较贫乏

对 BSP 的读取存在 BUG


Other


Special effects


Particle System


·   easily extensible emitters, affectors and renderers

·   can be defined in text scripts for adjusting in real-time

·   particle pooling

·   Customizeable


Particle systems for snow, smoke, fire, ...

Atmospheric effects like fog, cloud, sky (box and sphere), stars.


Light & Shadow


当前支持三种阴影：调整纹理阴影,调整模版阴影,附加模板阴影。不支持软阴影

Multiple shadow rendering techniques,

·   Dynamic


lights

·   Dynamic shadows


using the stencil buffer

·   Optimized dynamic stencil shadows

·   DirectX Hardware Lighting


Other

·   Support for skyboxes, skyplanes and skydomes

·   Billboarding for sprite graphics

·   Transparent objects automatically managed

·   Realistic water


surfaces

·   Billboards

·   Transparent objects

·   Skyboxes

·   Fog

·   Texture animation

Billboard


Character Animation

·   Skeletal animation

·   blending of multiple animations

·   variable bone weight skinning

·   hardware-accelerated skinning

·   Morph target animation:

·   Skeletal animation

·   Skeleton based, Key frame based, morph based animations

·   Animations that can be enhanced by bone attaching or custom bone rotations.


Supported Formats


textures file formats

·   PNG, JPEG, TGA, BMP or DDS

·   1D textures, volumetric textures, cubemaps and compressed textures (DXT/S3TC)

·   PSD,JPG,PNG,TGA,BMP,PCX


mesh file formats

Milkshape3D, 3D Studio Max, Maya, Blender and Wings3D

·   3DS,OBJ,CSM,DAE,DMF,OCT,X,MS3D,MY3D,LMTS,BSP,MD2

3DS, X, MDL, MD2, MD3


Document

Great number of users and well documented.

well documented API


with lots of examples and tutorials.


Other


GUI


2D Drawing


XML

ü         Support

XML Converter: convert efficient runtime binary formats to/from XML for interchange or editing

ü        Support

快速的XML分析器


Web Site


http://www.ogre3d.org.sixxs.org


http://irrlicht.sourceforge.net.sixxs.org


http://www.truevision3d.com.sixxs.org